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Vol.63, No.6, 430 ~ 437, 2025
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| Title |
| Reduction Behavior of Black Mass Recovered from NCM-Based Spent Lithium-ion Batteries in Ar Atmosphere |
| 황재호 Jae-ho Hwang , 이상엽 Sang-yeop Lee , 이소영 So-yeong Lee , 손호상 Ho-sang Sohn |
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| Abstract |
| With the growing demand for LIBs (lithium-ion batteries) for EVs (electric-powered vehicles), it will be important to recover valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries in the future. The black mass recovered from spent lithium-ion battery contains elements such as Li, Ni, Co, and Mn with C. The carbon in the black mass can act as a reducing agent of oxide. This study investigated the effect of reaction temperature on the reduction behavior and Li recovery from black mass powder mixed with spent NCM (LiNixCoyMnzO2) powder and C in an Ar atmosphere. In the isothermal reaction, the weight loss rate increased with an increase of temperature, and the final amount of weight loss also increased. After significant weight loss, the NCM powder was decomposed and nickel and cobalt oxides were reduced to metals. When significant weight loss occurred, a significant amount of CO gas was also emitted. This phenomenon is due to the reduction of nickel and cobalt oxides in the black mass and the reaction of CO2 with C by the Boudouard reaction. When the isothermally reacted black mass was leached in water, the Li recovery increased with an increase of the reaction temperature, and the Li recovery above 900 ℃ was about 98%. From these results, by heating the black mass in an inert atmosphere lithium can be separated and recovered from valuable metals and C.
(Received 21 April, 2025; Accepted 12 May, 2025) |
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| Key Words |
| Lithium-ion battery, Reduction, Boudouard reaction, Recycling, Water leaching |
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