| Abstract |
| The effects of submerged-arc welding consumables, wire and flux, on solidification cracking in the weld metal of medium-carbon steel were investigated. It showed that weld metal with a greater amount of C, S, and P had a wider brittleness temperature range, BTR, which resulted in longer total and maximum crack lengths in Varestraint tests. To determine the effect of flux on the amount of C, S, and P in the weld metal, transfers of the elements between the slag and the weld metal were evaluated. While C and S were removed from the weld metal to the slag, P was added from the slag to the weld metal. The amount of each element removed or added, however, was dependent on the basicity of the flux used. As the flux became more basic, more S was removed and less P was added, resulting in less S and P in the weld metal. In contrast, with increasing flux basicity, less C was removed, leaving a larger amount of C in the weld metal. Therefore, to minimize the amounts of these elements in the weld metal, in addition to the wire used, the flux basicity should also be carefully considered.
(Received September 7, 2017; Accepted November 6, 2017) |
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| Key Words |
| metals, welding, solidification, SIMS, element transfer |
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