| A numerical algorithm which simulates a three-dimensional casting process in a rectangular mold was developed and tested. To analyze filling process, the VOF method is used with the SIMPLER algorithm and, to analyze solidification process, the Equivalent Specific Heat method is used also with the SIMPLER algorithm. Though the complete symmetric plane assumption in z-direction was adopted in a two-dimensional analysis, it was shown that flow patterns during filling, a point of time when the residual flow decayed and the intensity of natural convection differed in each plane in a three-dimensional analysis due to z-directional velocity components and boundary conditions. In addition, the heat transfer analysis in a mold were also done and results showed that the mold temperature varied in considerably wide range which was different from the convectional analysis of constant heat sink temperature assumption. |
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