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Vol.6, No.4, 254 ~ 260, 1969

Title

Stress Corrosion Cracking

Walter K . Boyd

Abstract

Stress corrosion cracking is perhaps the most insidious of all forms of corrosion. It may develop as very fine intergranular or transgranular cracks, with little or no telltale evidence of corrosion products. In fact in many instances there may be no macroscopic indication of impending failure. Stress corrosion cracking map be defined as the spontaneous failure of a metal as a result of the combined effects of corrosion and static stress either residual or applied. The result is a brittle fracture in an otherwise ductile material. It is generally accepted that pure metals are immune to stress corrosion cracking. However, even a few parts per million of impurities may render the metal or alloy susceptible to cracking. The mechanism of cracking is not completely understood. Theories range from purely mechanical to electrochemical. The fact that propagating cracks can be stopped by the application of cathodic protection or accelerated by anodic currents suggests that the initiation and propagation of cracks involve at least in part an electrochemical process. The principle means of eliminating or reducing the occurrence of stress corrosion cracking are: (1) The reduction or elimination of dangerous tensile stresses. (2) The alteration of the environment to render it less dangerous. (3) The replacement of the alloy with another that is not susceptible to stress corrosion cracking.

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