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Vol.2, No.1, 18 ~ 31, 1964

Title

Surface Diffusion by Scratch Smoothing on Copper

최재열 Jei Y . Choi

Abstract

Using a scratch smoothing technique, the magnitude and the ratio of the surface diffusion coefficients (D_s) in two orthogonal directions have been measured on copper for over (100) different surface orientations. Anisotropy was found for all surface orientations except those lying near the (100) and (111); however, these anisotropies were rarely greater than 2.0. The direction of maximum D_s appears to coincide with the direction of step edges on any given surface, and if no such steps exist, no anisotropy is found. Thus the jump frequency along a step edge is shown to be faster than the frequency of a jump over the step. The values of D_s and ΔH for the (100) and the (111) orientations agree quite well with those obtained earlier by the grain boundary grooving technique. It is proven that the directions of maximum and minimum D_s(the principal axes) for any surface orientation are known if the perfectly ordered plane corresponding to the given surface orientation possesses a plane of mirror symmetry. Thus the principal axes of D_s for orientations lying along the sides of the unit stereographic triangle are always known independent of the extent of thermal disorder or impurity adsorption. The merits and shortcomings of king and Mullins recently published equations relating D_s to the rate of scratch smoothing are discussed.

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